基于麻雀搜索算法结合深度前馈神经网络的近红外模型转移方法研究

该文提出了一种基于麻雀搜索算法结合深度前馈神经网络（SSA－DFN）的近红外光谱模型转移方法。使用深度前馈神经网络拟合不同仪器采集到的光谱之间的非线性函数映射,并将麻雀搜索算法用于网络各层连接权值和阈值的初始化,通过种群中个体位置的迭代更新,求得连接权值和阈值的最优初始值;通过多次调整深度前馈神经网络模型的超参数,使网络拟合效果趋于最优,最终确定转移函数。为验证方法的有效性,分别从烟叶近红外光谱谱图、主成分投影和预测结果的角度,将SSA－DFN方法与分段直接校正算法（PDS）、典型相关性分析算法（CCA）转移前后的效果进行了对比。结果表明SSA－DFN方法转移后的从机光谱与原主机光谱重合度最高,转移后主、从机总糖、烟碱含量的预测结果差异不显著,预测平均误差从8.32%、9.15%分别降至4.65%、4.82%,预测均方根误差（RMSEP）和决定系数（R2）等指标均优于PDS和CCA,取得了最佳的转移效果,可满足企业需求。结果表明该方法是一种有效的模型转移方法。     

Morphology controllable conjugated network polymers based on AIE-active building block for TNP detection

Luminescent conjugated network polymer is one of the most promising chemo-sensors owing to their good chemical/optical stability and multiple functionalization.Herein,three conjugated network polymers were prepared by using aggregation-induced emission active 1,1,2,2-tetrakis(4-formyl-(1,1'-biphenyl))-ethane(TFBE) unit as monomer and hydrazine as linker.Through regulating the synthetical condition,the polyme ric network can form either unifo rm two-dimensional azine-linked nanosheets(ANS),conjugated microporous polymers(A-CMP) or covalent organic frameworks(A-COF).All of these polymers exhibited good stability and high fluorescence quantum efficiency with the quantum yield of6.31% for A-NS,5.26% for A-CMP,and 5.80% for A-COF,as well as fast and selective fluorescence quenching response to 2,4,6-trinitrophenol(TNP).And the best TNP sensing performance with the Stern-Volmer constants(K_(sv)) values up to 8 × 10~5 L/mol and a detection limit of 0.09 μmol/L was obtained for A-NS.The study explores various strategies to construct conjugated polymers with different nanoarchitectures based on the same building block for sensitive detection of explosives.     

Discrimination of Beers by Cyclic Voltammetry Using a Single Carbon Screen-printed Electrode

A fast, simple and costless methodology without sample pre-treatment is proposed for the discrimination of beers. It is based on cyclic voltammetry (CV) using commercial carbon screen-printed electrodes (SPCE) and includes a correction of the signals measured with different SPCE units. Data are submitted to partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS−DA) and support vector machine discriminant analysis (SVM−DA), which allow a reasonable classification of the beers. Also, CV data from beers can be used to predict their alcoholic degree by partial least squares (PLS) and artificial neural networks (ANN). In general, non-linear methods provide better results than linear ones.     

丹荷颗粒治疗高脂血症质量标志物发现研究

为寻找丹荷颗粒治疗高脂血症的质量标志物,该研究基于丹荷颗粒体内成分分析结果,采用Cytoscape软件构建高脂血症-共有靶点-丹荷颗粒体内成分作用网络,利用DAVID及String数据库分别对共有靶点进行生物过程、通路富集及网络拓扑分析,明确丹荷颗粒降脂作用关键靶点及成分,再建立油酸诱导的HepG2细胞脂质堆积模型验证关键成分的降脂药效,最后结合相关成分在制剂中的含量、稳定性、特征性综合确定质量标志物。结果发现,丹荷颗粒体内成分作用于CES1、ADORA2A、ADORA1、APOB、LDLR、PPARA、PPARG、INSR、ESR2、ESR1共10个高脂血症疾病靶点,主要参与脂质代谢过程以及PPAR、cAMP信号通路,其中LDLR、PPARA、PPARG可能是关键靶点,而网络中与关键靶点直接作用的成分为白藜芦醇、柚皮素。白藜芦醇和柚皮素均可降低油酸诱导的HepG2细胞内脂滴数量,改善细胞脂质堆积严重程度,并显著降低细胞内甘油三酯含量,可能为关键成分;鉴于入体成分白藜芦醇和柚皮素来源于制剂中虎杖苷及柚皮苷,且制剂中虎杖苷及柚皮苷特征明显、含量丰富、稳定,故虎杖苷及柚皮苷可作为丹荷颗粒治疗高脂血症的质量标志物。该研究为丹荷颗粒质量标准的建立提供了合理的候选质控指标。     

基于内源性致香物质和化学计量学的烟草感官评价研究

采用主成分分析法结合遗传算法和神经网络,建立了基于烟草内源性致香物质的感官质量评价预测模型。利用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)技术对超临界萃取-分子蒸馏所得烟草精油中的内源性致香组分进行定性定量分析,汇总各类致香指标后,对其进行主成分分析;以提取所得5个主成分的得分作为输入变量,感官评吸分数作为输出变量,分别使用标准BP神经网络和遗传算法(GA)优化的BP神经网络建立预测模型。对比实验结果表明,GA优化后的模型预测效果更优,其预测值与实验值间的相关系数为0.96,预测均方根误差为1.81,说明GA-BP模型具有更好的拟合能力和预测能力,该模型能有效地预测烟草精油的感官品质。     

结冷胶与聚乙二醇丙烯酸酯双网络凝胶的制备及生物相容性评价

针对结冷胶脆性较大的问题,将聚乙二醇丙烯酸酯(PEGDA)引入结冷胶,通过紫外交联制备了结冷胶/PEGDA双网络凝胶,并对单组分凝胶和双网络凝胶的溶胀性能、微观形貌、拉伸力学性能、动态压缩性能和流变性能等进行比较.结果表明,双网络凝胶在类生理环境中具有较小的溶胀率和较好的尺寸稳定性,PEGDA的引入能够大幅度提高结冷胶的韧性,双网络凝胶的拉断伸长率可达340%,断裂能达1.01×103J/m2,与天然关节软骨相当.将成纤维细胞种植在凝胶内部进行体外三维立体培养,结果显示,细胞在凝胶内部生存状态良好,双网络凝胶的细胞负载率高于单网络结冷胶,说明该体系在生物医用领域具有良好的应用前景.     

Multi-bond network hydrogels with robust mechanical and self-healable properties

Multi-bond network(MBN) which contains a single network with hierarchical cross-links is a suggested way to fabricate robust hydrogels. In order to reveal the roles of different cross-links with hierarchical bond energy in the MBN, here we fabricate poly(acrylic acid) physical hydrogels with dual bond network composed of ionic cross-links between carboxylFe3+ interactions and hydrogen bonds, and compare these dually cross-linked hydrogels with singly and ternarily cross-linked hydrogels. Simple models are employed to predict the tensile property, and the results confirm that the multi-bond network with hierarchical distribution in the bond energy of cross-links endows hydrogel with effective energy-dissipating mechanism. Moreover, the dually cross-linked MBN gels exhibit excellent mechanical properties(tensile strength up to 500 k Pa, elongation at break ~ 2400%) and complete self-healing after being kept at 50 °C for 48 h. The factors on promoting self-healing are deeply explored and the dynamic multi-bonds are regarded to trigger the self-healing along with the mutual diffusion of long polymer chains and ferric ions.     

Characterisation and effect of polymer network deformation in reverse-mode polymer-stabilised cholesteric texture

In reverse-mode polymer-stabilised cholesteric texture (PSCT), the dynamic response is derived from local director reorientation governed by dielectric coupling effect/self-assembly and polymer network deformation. A double exponential rise/decay model is proposed to investigate the underlying physical mechanisms. Through simulation of the transient rise and decay processes, the polymer network deformation in PSCT can be quantitatively evaluated. Less deformation and faster restoration speed of the polymer network can suppress hysteresis. These results provide useful guidelines for future PSCT fabrication and performance optimisation.     

数字图像法测定养殖水中的孔雀石绿

建立一种简单、可靠的养殖水中孔雀石绿的数字图像检测方法。以1-己基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐离子液体富集水样品,再用手机拍照获取样品信息,最后用数字图像结合多层感知器神经网络定量分析孔雀石绿的含量。该法测定结果的相对标准偏差不大于6%(n=5),加标回收率为97.8%~103.0%。该方法可用于养殖水中孔雀石绿的含量测定。     

两阶段双寡头垄断市场Hotelling定价模型

激烈的双寡头垄断市场竞争环境下,单一定价和歧视定价成为厂商选择的两大定价策略.考虑到网络外部效用的广泛存在性与对称性,对传统的Hotelling模型加以改进,分价格竞争和策略选择两个阶段,对双寡头垄断厂商的定价策略进行了博弈分析,指出了各种均衡情况及需满足的条件,并验证了歧视定价相对单一定价的边际成本、网络外部效应、消费者对产品的忠诚度等因素对厂商进行定价策略选择的重要影响,为其制定最优定价策略提供了指导.